Editorial
Enikő Albert-Lőrincz
ARTICLES
Theoretical study
Tom Ormay: Family and the group
Theoretical study
Zsolt Zalka: How the more is less. Values, norms, rules: about the normative dimensions of a therapeutic community containing serious self-pathologies
Methodological questions
Ildikó Erdélyi, Eszter Sáfrány, Edina Fecskó, Beáta Sipos, Szilárd Hamvas, Levente Retek:
An education model of transferring knowledge, personal experience and research in a university course
Case study
György Schermann: Correspondence training. A new application of paradoxical letters
PROFESSIONAL LIFE
Debate on „family constellation” – Mária Angster, Júlia Hardy, Pál Lehóczky, Veronika Kökény, Erika Perczel, Annamária Zseni
News and reports
Meetings of the Psychotherapy Council – Gabriella Vértes, László Bokor
Psychotherapy exams and exam questions
Preliminary to the 5th Conference of journal Pszichoterápia – Gábor Szőnyi
Lists of professional books
Book reviews – Amaryl Árkovits, Eszter Balikó, Béla Buda, Mária Horti, István Tiringer
Professional programs
Theoretical study
Tom Ormay: Family and the group
The small group is the model of the family in group analysis. Our personality was formed in childhood and carries deeply imbedded in it the good and the bad components of the family. The web of relationships we experienced in our childhood family, the foundation matrix is carried in our personality and repeated in our relationships in later life. All those come alive in the small group, and in them we can more easily work through the family sickness hidden in the personality, distinguishing them from the person. The picture of humans applied in psychoanalysis to the present day is ego based and such a model does not make it easy to distinguish the person from the surrounding family, culture, and other bigger contexts. Introducing nos, the social part of the personality into the psychoanalytic model of the mind makes it possible to become conscious of the place an individual occupies in the network of bigger contexts. In such work it becomes clear to what extent somebody carries the sickness of the family and to what extent their own.
Key words: family, small group, superego, nos, getting healed, psychoanalysis, group analysis, foundation matrix
Theoretical study
Zsolt Zalka: How the more is less. Values, norms, rules: about the normative dimensions of a therapeutic community containing serious self-pathologies
The most optimal institutional form of rehabilitation for patients with serious self-disorders is the community based service of psychotherapy departments, regimes, therapeutic communities with flexible boundaries.
Institutes’ reports are mainly focused on specific psycho-therapeutic activities, patients’ problems appearing in the dynamic of community and staff, and the integrative-operative function of the staff. Relatively less attention is paid to the values, norms and rule-system of those institutes, communities, and their functions.
This study focuses on the normative dimension of the culture of a therapeutic community. The way, how we operate the values, norms and the rules – the meta-norms system – gives a corrective cognitive matrix, meaning, that the members of a community are at the same time active and perceptive, sufferer and appreciative subjects in the world of appearance of self-pathology in the community. The community’s co-operation potential is developed on this „ethical” dimension. In our point of view, in a therapeutic community, the matrix of the values, norms and rules acting as collective agent, has a specific role in the curative process.
Key words: community appearance of self-pathologies, therapeutic community, normative dimension, collective agent, family metaphor
Methodological questions
Ildikó Erdélyi, Eszter Sáfrány, Edina Fecskó, Beáta Sipos, Szilárd Hamvas, Levente Retek: An education model of transferring knowledge, personal experience and research in a university course
This study presents a research based on an educational method that combines transferring knowledge, acquiring personal experience and creating scientific background for research in a university course spanning two semesters. In the first semester, we used the method of group analysis in order to provide personal experience, while transfer of knowledge took place during the joint interpretation of group dynamics. Data acquisition for our research was done by students working in the position of „observer”. Group analysis facilitated students to habituate themselves in utilising their imagination, they practised „reading” psychodynamics, and they were introduced to an academic way of processing experiential material. During psychodrama enactment we witnessed elaboration of fantasies, and group dynamics were interpreted in a more complex context, that is, the context of the film itself and the psychodrama play based on the film. The fact that the same groups of students and leaders worked together during the two terms, helped us solve the dilemma of knowledge transfer – personal experience – research. The group analytic scenes of the first term were inherently followed by the psychodrama sessions, which may be regarded as dramatic versions of imaginary scenes that rooted in the films. Records of the group sessions of the two terms were processed with the students’ collaboration.
Key words: educational method, transfer of knowledge, personal experience, research, group analysis, scene, psychodrama, personal film experience, group dynamics, transference
Case study
György Schermann: Correspondence training. A new application of paradoxical letters
This essay, in close connection with the widespread usage of the electronic mail, examined the development of a new type of application of paradoxical letters accepted in family therapy, focusing on a case of a teenager who disappeared from home. In the author’s interpretation, disappearance and paradoxical letters are considered within an integrated framework as part of the struggle to obtain control. Accordingly, electronic correspondence with the members of the family is attractive for the vanished person, because, making use of this opportunity, he does not only keep in touch with his family he left, but also can check the contents of his own messages more effectively than in live conversation, and, he may even control family proceedings, while he may still choose staying hidden. The electronic correspondence itself is essential for the parents’ being at home while maintaining the continuance of connection with the child who is staying away, and secondly, paradoxical letters offer a chance for the parents to regain their parental control. The electronic correspondence, due to its communicational characteristics, may give an opportunity to establish contact between the disappeared person and the rest of the family staying at home. It helps them coordinate the conflict and contributes to the disappeared person’s eventual homecoming. At the same time, the paradoxical letter written by the parents can be regarded as the first step towards a change in their parental attitude and the rearrangement of the family.
Key words: electronic mail, conflict adjustment, disappearance, control function, paradoxical letter
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