Editorial
Gábor Szőnyi
ARTICLES
Overview
Teodóra Tomcsányi, Roger Csáky-Pallavicini, János Harmatta, Attila Pilinszki, Gábor Török: Mental health care and psychotherapy
Methodological study
Dóra Perczel Forintos, Anna Varga, Gabriella Gazdag, Gyöngyi Ajtay, Zsófia Kiss, Johanna Geiszt: The possibilities of evidence-based treatment for anxiety and mood disorders
Case study
Zsófia Kiss, Dóra Perczel Forintos: The role of quality case procedure and constant state-monitoring in the cognitive behaviour therapy of a patient suffering from depression
Case study
Ágnes Szajcz: Dune at Thalassa Haz. Psychotherapy with patients suffering from basic fault in reflection of Bálint’s approach
Essay study
Nóra Soós: ….and what does the psychoterapist do, when he feel ashamed of himself?
PROFESSIONAL LIFE
News and reports
The Psychotherapy Co-ordination Committee — Tamás Tölgyes
Letter to the editor — István Kocsis
Conferences — Tamás Balog
Lists of professional books — Animula • Lélekben Otthon• Medicina• Ursus Libris
Book reviews — Béla Buda • Béla Birkás • Tamás Tényi • István
Professional programs
Overview
Teodóra Tomcsányi, Roger Csáky-Pallavicini, János Harmatta, Attila Pilinszki, Gábor Török: Mental health care and psychotherapy
Following a presentation of the most important mental health care models and trends the study investigates the adjoining fields and ties between psychotherapy and mental health care. The emphasis of the classical school is on biblical values, the charismatic school focuses on help from the Holy Spirit, while mystagogic schools wish to keep challenges of the modern world in sight by utilizing sociology and psychology. Psychology gaining ground also brought with it a theological-psychological approach, which primarily opened the way up for mental health care based on meetings in person, while theological-sociological schools chiefly highlighted social issues. Today’s professionals in mental health care are preoccupied by topics like the integrated usability of various approaches, or the question of accompanying and supporting “whole persons” with diverse cultural backgrounds and individual religious development both physically and mentally. Individual fields of expertise becoming increasingly professional entail these aspirations of integration, but also include a separation of roles and functions, and a refinement of competency profiles. In order to determine the borders of competencies it is important to clarify the ties between psychotherapy and mental health care, and to identify differences in their goals and sets of tools. Defining the two fields with increased accuracy, and enumerating their complementary possibilities is a fundamental professional task. The present article wishes to emphasize that representatives of psychotherapy and mental health care may contribute to the development of a healthy personality and community through supporting the activities of one another.
Methodological study
Dóra Perczel Forintos, Anna Varga, Gabriella Gazdag, Gyöngyi Ajtay, Zsófia Kiss, Johanna Geiszt: The possibilities of evidence-based treatment for anxiety and mood disorders
The requirements for evidence-based treatment methods have appeared in psychotherapy case management from the side of the patients as well as from the side of insurance companies. To help this process, Petermann and Müller’s model provides accessible practical guidelines. Their model presents an idea of controlled practice of single case studies, which can easily be applied by everyone. The essence of controlled practice is to structure the process, set up time-limits and monitor the change in psychotherapy.
In our study, we present Petermann and Müller’s model as well as its individual and group application at our Outpatient Psychotherapy Service. We assessed the patient load of a given year at our Service, and the efficiency of psychotherapies applied in case of anxiety and mood disorders. Patients’ condition was measured by BDI and BAI questionnaires four times during the therapy. Structured time-limited 20 session cognitive-behaviour therapy methods as well as client-centred therapy combined with CBT elements were applied. The results show significant improvement in the patients’ condition after treatments. Our findings support other data found in professional literature that time-limited, structured and problem focused cognitive behaviour therapy or supportive therapy combined with CBT elements is effective in the treatment of anxiety and depression.
Case study
Zsófia Kiss, Dóra Perczel Forintos: The role of quality case procedure and constant state-monitoring in the cognitive behaviour therapy of a patient suffering from depression
We presented the cognitive behaviour therapy of a 30-year old young man suffering from major depression. The cognitive behaviour therapy is a problem-oriented process, which focuses primarily on the present and the future and is based on the active participation of the patient in his/her recovery process. The primary aim of the psychotherapy was to improve the patient’s self-esteem and mood. The realization of this aim was undertaken through the recognition and correction of negative automatic thoughts, systematic defaults in thinking, and dysfunctional beliefs and schemes acquired in the course of early experiences or activated by current events of life. We also applied behaviour techniques that aimed at increasing the patient’s activity level and the in vivo testing of his acquired abilities. The novelty of the case study lies in the fact that it uses the Petermann-Müller model (2006), which involves the planning of appropriate and adequate intervention to every aim by the therapist after setting the priority of the therapeutic goals. Constant state-monitoring that belongs to high quality case management was also an integral part of the therapeutic process. It played a role in the maintenance of motivation, the clarification of problems and was a good indicator of the success of the treatment. The methodology of high quality case management therefore proved to be an extremely useful background for both therapist and patient regarding the progress of the therapy, working as a kind of feedback and making the therapist realize when certain alterations were necessary.
Case study
Ágnes Szajcz: Dune at Thalassa Ház. Psychotherapy with patients suffering from basic fault in reflection of Balint’s approach
In the study the author reviews one of the possible approaches and practices of psychotherapy with patients suffering from different kinds of personality disorders and sometimes psychosis. The main centreline of the discussion is the role and importance, of the interaction and integration process of non-verbal and verbal methods of therapy. Through the intention to understand the process and difficulties of the therapy it emphasis the meeting and joining of theory and clinical experience. It briefly reviews M. Bálint’s approach, the theory and terms created by him: personality development theory, the ’basic fault’, the severance process of the individual and his/her environment, the ’oknophil’ and ’philobat’ types of object-relationship and attitude with their importance in practice.
The ’Dune’ group integrating relaxation, imagination, and verbal methods gave opportunity to work with elementary somatic sensations, inner pictures, impulses, desires and longings, fantasies, to realise and verbally share them with others with their relational relevance, through the self-other differentiation process. Due to the patients’ primary disorders, the nature of the basic fault relaxation and imagination processes needed to be modified. To understand the process and difficulties of the therapy the therapist intended to integrate Bálint’s approach and theory, Stern’s development theory and Hermann’s ’hanging on’ theory with her own experiences. The therapeutic work is illustrated with short examples.
Essay study
Nóra Soós: ….and what does the psychotherapist do, when he feels ashamed of himself?
The author of this report analyses the frequent ignorance of the feeling of shame that may be characteristic even of a therapist. After reviewing the specialized literature she makes a presentation of the results of the unrecognised or suppressed feeling of shame, which is a normal emotion of humans after all, between the therapist and his patient through cases. She is paying attention to the approach of how the feeling of shame in the therapist can block his/her positive feelings or how it could slow down the progress of therapy. The author considers the workout of the patient’s projective identification as a possible tool for neglecting therapist’ own feelings of shame. “Well, these feelings he is talking about are not my feelings, he makes me feel them.” Sentences like this are often said or heard during therapy. According to the author in the background of such statements there are frequently the suppressed feelings of the therapist can be found. He calls attention to the need of self-recognition and supervision of practising therapists. The train of thought shows the very close relationship between the therapist’s personality and behaviour towards the patient in a successful therapy.
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